RESEARCH ARTICLE


Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Bergamot Peel Oil from Supercritical CO2 and Compressed Propane Extraction



Marcos Lazarotto1, Alexssandra Valério2, Aline Boligon3, Marcus V. Tres4, Jaqueline Scapinello1, Jacir Dal Magro1, J. Vladimir Oliveira2, *
1 Environmental Sciences Area, Unochapecó, PO Box 1141, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
2 Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
3 Center of Health Sciences, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
4 Department of Chemical Engineering, UFSM, Cachoeira do Sul, RS, Brazil

Article Information


Identifiers and Pagination:

Year: 2018
Volume: 10
First Page: 16
Last Page: 23
Publisher Id: TOFSJ-10-16
DOI: 10.2174/1874256401810010016

Article History:

Received Date: 15/8/2018
Revision Received Date: 3/10/2018
Acceptance Date: 13/10/2018
Electronic publication date: 30/10/2018
Collection year: 2018

© 2018 Lazarotto et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Tel: +554837212508; E-mail: jose.vladimir@ufsc.br


Abstract

Objective:

Essential oils are widely used as flavors and fragrances in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, especially the bergamot peel oil due to the high polyphenols content, compared to other citrus species. Two types of polyphenols present in bergamot peel oil, brutieridin and melitidin, are directly related to cholesterol biosynthesis inhibition in a similar way as the statins. In this context, this work reports the extraction yields of bergamot peel oil obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide and compressed propane, together with the antimicrobial activity.

Methods:

The experiments were conducted at 55°C and 350 bar (density 0.881kg/m3) for carbon dioxide and at 55 °C and 40 bar (density 0.441 kg/m3) for propane.

Results:

Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of bergamot oil were effective for the gram-positive bacteria growth inhibition, Staphylococcus aureus at 31.25 µg.mL-1 of bergamot oil, while 500 µg.mL-1 of oil extract was necessary to afford gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) inhibition.

Keywords: Bergamot peel oil, Compressed solvents, Antibacterial activity, Citric fruits, S. aureus, E-coli.